Digestive n‐6 Lipid Oxidation, a Key Trigger of Vascular Dysfunction and Atherosclerosis in the Western Diet: Protective Effects of Apple Polyphenols

Scope A main risk factor of atherosclerosis is a Western diet (WD) rich in n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) sensitive to oxidation. Their oxidation can be initiated by heme iron red meat leading the formation 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (4-HNE), cytotoxic aldehyde. An increased 4-HNE production implicated endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis. By contrast, proanthocyanidins reduces oxidative stress arterial diseases. This study evaluates effects WD on vascular integrity ApolipoproteinE (ApoE−/−) mice protective capacity apple extract puree antioxidant proanthocyanidins. Methods results ApoE-/- are fed during 12 weeks with or without PUFAs. Moreover, two + PUFAs groups supplemented phenolic extract. increase digestive associated rise plasmatic oxidized LDL concentrations reported. Oxidizable consumption worsened Interestingly, supplementations polyphenol prevented these impairments while reducing stress. Conclusion lipid digestion may key impairments. Nevertheless, an strategy limit thus durably protect function.